Water cutting
Water metal cutting is an advanced technique used to cut through various metals using a high-pressure water jet. This method is known for its precision and ability to cut through thick materials without generating heat, minimizing the risk of thermal impact and distortion.
Technology and process
High pressure water jet:
A jet of water is forced through a small nozzle at extremely high pressure (up to 60,000 psi or more). The water jet creates a powerful cutting force that can penetrate metals.
Abrasive agent:
To cut harder materials such as metal, an abrasive agent, usually the wire, is added to the water jet. This creates an abrasive water cut that is powerful enough to cut through thick and hard metals.
Control system:
CNC controlled systems are often used to control the movement of the water jet, enabling high precision and complex patterns.
Advantages of water cutting
No heat-induced distortion:
Since water cutting does not generate heat, the risk of thermal effects that can cause deformation, hardening or cracking of the metal is eliminated.
High precision:
Waterjet cutting can produce very precise and clean cuts with tolerances of +/- 0.1 mm, depending on the material and thickness.
Versatility:
Can be used to cut a variety of materials including steel, aluminum, stainless steel, titanium, copper and brass.
Environmentally friendly:
The use of water and a natural abrasive makes this method more environmentally friendly compared to some other cutting methods that involve chemicals or generate harmful fumes.
Material utilization:
Allows nesting of parts to minimize material waste.
Areas of use
The manufacturing industry:
Production of components for machines and equipment where precision cutting is critical.
Aerospace industry:
Cutting components from exotic and high performance alloys.
Automotive industry:
Manufacturing of parts and components with high demands on accuracy and quality.
Architecture and art:
Cutting of decorative metal panels and complex patterns for buildings and works of art.
Electronics:
Manufacture of precision parts and housings for electronic devices.
Important factors to consider
Material thickness:
Water cutting can be used to cut through very thick materials (up to several inches), but the cutting speed decreases with increased thickness.
Material hardness:
The cutting speed and quality are affected by the hardness of the material. Harder materials require higher pressure and more abrasive agents.
Cost:
The initial cost of water cutting equipment can be high, but the cost-effective operation and minimal need for post-treatment can justify the investment.
Maintenance:
The high pressure system and nozzles require regular maintenance to maintain performance and precision.